Cats, Dogs and Horses.

Numerous scientists worldwide are supporting the view today that all life processes are being determined by subtle electromagnetic and photon phenomena.

"A. Popp, Dr. Voll (EAP), Dr. Schimmel (Vega System) and many more). All electrically active metals (ions) and particularly heavy metals, can disturb the harmony of the electromagnetic and photon energies in the body, causing disharmony" ¹

"It has been stated that 90 % of all chronic and serious illnesses could be prevented if we were able to eliminate the 600 most dangerous environmental toxins (Dr. J. Higgensen, Head of Cancer Research, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland)." ²

Until recently, most health care professionals and researchers assumed that heavy metals had to be taken into account only when a patient showed definite symptoms of 'poisoning.' It is now clear that our health and wellbeing is affected by much lower levels of heavy metals than previously assumed .This is evidenced by Health authorities constantly correcting 'permissible' maximum levels downwards.

It is becoming more difficult to accurately determine the appropriate drug profile because of a shift due to the presence of heavy metal ions. In fact, it is fair to say that at the present time the effectiveness of any antioxidant therapy is significantly compromised by the presence of heavy metal ions. It is therefore vital to first identify the presence of the heavy metal in question and identify the cause of the condition.

The existing methods used to detect heavy metal contamination are cumbersome and costly, and usually involve hair and/or blood analysis. These tests encounter serious difficulty in differentiating between organically bound and free metal atoms for the simple reason that the organic sample is destroyed in the course of the analysis. Recent research has shown that it is the electrically active heavy metal atoms, not bound with organic complexes that actively destroys molecular compounds and thus causes the formation of free radicals.

A healthy body is able to bind (i.e. chelate) free heavy metal atoms, i.e. neutralize their electromagnetic charge and clear them out. If this mechanism is no longer able to function effectively because of the presence of excess toxins that have accumulated in the organism, the number of free radicals will increase. This effect will be felt even more if the body is suffering an antioxidant deficiency at the same time. In such cases, administering antioxidant supplements will not solve the real problem, which is the accumulation of heavy metal ion deposits in the body.

Such differentiation between metal atoms bound with organic complexes and unbound and therefore electromagnetically active ions is crucial in the assessment of the overall situation.

It is to this Industry need that Fulhealth Industries has developed a simple and easy to use ionic Heavy Metal detection method using a highly sensitive chemical Diphenylthiocarbazone (Dithizone) reagent "(reported as 10 times better and more sensitive than the current methods of Atomic Absorption). It detects inorganic metallic ions, in any liquid including, amongst other things, urine, blood, saliva, extra cellular fluid and perspiration."^1-8

In 1925 Helmut Fischer of the Siemens Concern in Berlin succeeded in detecting heavy metal ions by means of a dithizone process. As a reagent, dithizone is able to indicate the presence of heavy metal ions in qualitative and quantitative terms. Dithizone, in binding the metals (binds to Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, Mn, Co, Ni,), form coloured complexes in the interior of the molecule which are soluble in non-polar organic solvents. The coloration of these solutions is very intense, its particular coloration determined by the atomic radius of the respective metal present in the complex. The reaction times of the heavy metal ions vary; therefore, depending on their respective concentrations, different colorations may occur from which one can, in addition to the qualitative conclusions also semi quantitative ones regarding the contaminant. (At the lower ppm level, even at the ppb level).

The solvent used is especially developed by Fulhealth Industries to bind the dithizone molecules quickly and effectively to ensure dissolution for testing.

Mercury

Once consumed, mercury and the bivalent metals are engaged in a continuous fight against one another which results in the replacement of the "lighter" element by the "heavier" one, in terms of their atomic masses. Replacement reactions, also called "fight for the site," occur when heavy metals grab the biological spaces that should be filled by necessary organic minerals. Just as carbon monoxide replaces essential oxygen, other elements and compounds cause their toxic effect by replacing chemicals essential to bio-chemical functions. Mercury, found in amalgam fillings, paints, and some industrial processes, is not recognized in having any use in the body. Mercury is not taken up by plants, however, it may turn up in food as it can be spread within food chains by smaller organisms which are consumed by humans, and one example is through fish. Concentrations of Mercury in fish usually greatly exceed the concentrations in their environment. Beef products can also contain eminent quantities of mercury. Mercury is not commonly found in plant products, but it can enter our bodies through vegetables and other crops, when sprays containing mercury are applied in agriculture.

Adverse Health effects of Mercury

Mercury salts will compete with zinc in its bio-chemical reactions hence preventing zinc performing its functions in the body. Therefore the leaching of mercury into the body from whatever source will cause zinc deficient symptoms to appear such as fatigue, PMS, thyroid problem, loss of smell and taste, macular degeneration, prostate enlargement, rheumatoid arthritis, sterility, immune suppression, etc., even if there is plenty of zinc available. Studies show that mercury is eight times more concentrated in the foetus than in the rest of the body.

Direct exposure to mercury can cause lung irritation, skin rashes, nerve, brain and kidney damage, eye irritation, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Mercury and its many effects on our bodies at elevated levels can be simplified into the following main effects:
• Disrupting the nervous pathways;
• Damage to brain function, can cause degradation of learning abilities, personality changes, tremors and
• Vision changes, deafness, and muscle incoordination and memory loss;
• DNA damage and chromosomal damage - chromosomal damage is known to cause mongolism;
• Allergic reactions, resulting in skin rashes, tiredness and headaches;
• Negative reproductive effects, such as sperm damage, birth defects and miscarriages.

Cadmium

Cadmium, in industry is a by-product from the extraction of zinc, lead and copper. Cadmium is found in pesticides and manures therefore are seen to enter the environment from terra-forming. People's uptake of cadmium takes place mainly through food. An exposure to significantly higher cadmium levels occur when people use tobacco. The cadmium in tobacco smoke enters the bloodstream via the respiratory system and distributed to the rest of the body. Cadmium can severely damage the lungs and may even cause death.

Once the cadmium reaches the liver where it is bonded to protein forming complexes, which are then transported to the kidneys where accumulation causes damage to the filtration process. This damage allows essential proteins and glycol nutrients to be excreted from the body causing even further kidney damage.

Adverse Health effects of Cadmium

Health effects that can be caused by cadmium are:
• Damage to the central nervous system;
• Damage to the immune system;
• Fragile bones;
• Psychological disorders and possibly DNA damage or cancer development.
• Reproductive failure and possibly even infertility;

Lead

Lead can be present in drinking water as a result of dissolution from natural sources, or from household plumbing systems containing lead. These may include lead in pipes, or in solder used to seal joins. The amount of lead dissolved will depend on a number of factors including pH, water hardness, and the standing time of the water.

Lead is the most common of the heavy metals and is mined widely throughout the world. It is used in the production of lead acid batteries, solder, alloys, cable sheathing, paint pigments, rust inhibitors, ammunition, glazes and plastic stabilisers. The organo-lead compounds tetramethyl and tetraethyl lead are used extensively as anti-knock and lubrication compounds in gasoline.

Adverse Health effects of Lead

Lead fulfils no essential function in the human body and can cause adverse health effects, such as:
• Behavioural disruptions of children, such as aggression, impulsive behaviour and hyperactivity.
• Brain damage;
• Disruption of the biosynthesis of haemoglobin and anaemia;
• Declined fertility of men through sperm damage;
• Diminished learning abilities of children;
• Loss of I.Q;
• Miscarriages;
• Kidney damage;
• Rise in blood pressure;
• Disruption of nervous systems;

Copper

Copper is widely distributed in rocks and soils as carbonate and sulfide minerals.

Copper is relatively resistant to corrosion and is used in domestic water supply pipes and fittings. It is also used in the electro-plating and chemical industries, and in many household goods. Copper sulfate is used extensively to control the growth of algae in water storages. Copper can be found in many kinds of food and in drinking water, because of that, we absorb eminent quantities of copper each day by eating, drinking and breathing. Organic copper is necessary as a trace element that is essential for human health.

Long-term exposure to copper in the industry level can cause irritation of the nose, mouth and eyes and it causes headaches, stomach-aches, dizziness, vomiting and diarrhoea. Intentionally high uptakes of copper may cause liver and kidney damage and even death.

Adverse Health effects of Copper

Some adverse health effects of copper :
• Insomnia;
• Depression;
• Hypotension;
• Acne;
• Heart disease;
• Pre-menstrual tension;
• Postpartum depression;
• Paranoid and hallucinatory schizophrenias
• Childhood hyperactivity and autism.
• Above 50mg/Kg body weight can be lethal.

Zinc

Zinc is a very common substance and many foodstuffs contain certain concentrations of zinc. Drinking water also contains certain amounts of zinc, which may be higher when it is stored in metal tanks. Organic zinc is a trace element that is essential for human health. People deficient in zinc absorption can experience a loss of appetite, decreased sense of taste and smell, slow wound healing, skin sores and even birth defects.

Adverse Health effects of Zinc

Some adverse health effects of Zinc when over exposed:
• Stomach cramps;
• Skin irritations;
• Vomiting, nausea, anaemia;
• Arteriosclerosis;
• Respiratory disorders.

"Heavy metals" are chemical metal elements that have a specific gravity not less than five times that of the specific gravity of water; water having a specific gravity of 1. For ease of understanding "Specific gravity" is a measurement of density compared to an equal amount of water.

A healthy life is reliant on small amounts of organic heavy metals and they are nutritionally essential. Termed trace elements, zinc, iron, copper and manganese are metals that fall into this category. The nutritionally essential elements are formed naturally in foods such as fruit and vegetables.

When the body is unable to metabolise heavy metals it starts to deposit them in the fatty tissue of your body. These metals then accumulate and become toxic. Heavy metals are adapt at entering the body through the air, food, water and even transdermal. (Through the skin)

There are 35 metals that are common and 23 of those metals are termed "Heavy Metals". From any and all of these metals toxicity may result. Below is a brief outline that covers the metals that we are most likely to come in contact with.

Lead

Lead can be absorbed by the body through inhalation, ingestion or placental transfer. In adults, approximately 10% of ingested lead is absorbed but in children this figure can be 4 to 5 times higher. After absorption, the lead is distributed in soft tissue such as the kidney, liver, and bone marrow where it has a biological half-life in adults of less than 40 days and in skeletal bone where it can persist for 20 to 30 years.

In humans, lead is a cumulative poison that can severely affect the central nervous system. Infants, foetuses and pregnant women are most susceptible. Placental transfer of lead occurs in humans as early as the 12th week of gestation and continues throughout development.

Many epidemiological studies have been carried out on the effects of lead exposure on the intellectual development of children. Although there are some conflicting results, on balance the studies demonstrate that exposure to lead can adversely affect intelligence.

These results are supported by experiments using young primates, where exposure to lead causes significant behavioural and learning difficulties of the same type as those observed in children.

Other adverse effects associated with exposure to high amounts of lead include kidney damage, interference with the production of red blood cells, and interference with the metabolism of calcium needed for bone formation.

Carcinogenicity bioassays in humans have found no association between lead and tumour incidence. Kidney tumours, however, have been reported in rats, mice and hamsters fed lead salts in their diet, but only at doses above 27mg/kg body weight per day. Gliomas (brain tumours) have also been reported in rats. In addition, lead salts given orally to rats have increased the carcinogenic activity of known carcinogens.

Arsenic

Arsenic is a naturally occurring element which can be introduced into water through the dissolution of minerals and ores (where it exists mainly in the sulfide form), or from industrial effluent, atmospheric deposition (through burning of fossil fuels and waste incineration), drainage from old gold mines, or the use of some types of sheep dip. Natural sources can make a significant contribution to the arsenic concentration in drinking water. Pentavalent arsenic (As(V)) is generally the most common form in well oxygenated surface waters but under reducing conditions, such as those found in deep lake sediments or ground waters, the trivalent form (As(III)) predominates.

Although the results of studies indicate that arsenic may be essential for a number of animal species, there is no evidence that it is essential for humans.

Soluble arsenic salts are readily absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract. After absorption inorganic arsenic binds to haemoglobin, and is deposited in the liver, kidney, lungs, spleen, and skin. Inorganic arsenic does not appear to cross the blood-brain barrier but can cross the placenta. Approximately 45 – 85% of ingested arsenic is excreted in the urine within 1 to 3 days.

Extensive reviews and summaries of the human and animal toxicity data for arsenic are available (IPCS, 1981; WHO 1988).


Mercury

Mercury is generated naturally in the environment from the degassing of the earth's crust, from volcanic emissions. It exists in three forms; elemental mercury and organic and inorganic mercury. Mining operations, chloralkali plants, and paper industries are significant producers of mercury (Goyer 1996). Atmospheric mercury is dispersed across the globe by winds and returns to the earth in rainfall, accumulating in aquatic food chains and fish in lakes. (Clarkson 1990).

Contamination can result from industrial emission or spills. Mercury compounds fall into two categories: inorganic mercury salts, many of which are very insoluble in water; and organics mercury compounds, the most notable being methylmercury. Inorganic mercury can be converted into methylmercury, possible by the action of bacteria in sediments, and can then readily enter the food chain.

Mercury is used widely in electrical components including cells, lamps arc rectifiers, and switches. It is also used in dental amalgams, fungicides, antiseptics, preservatives and pharmaceuticals.

Food is the main route of exposure, with highest concentrations found in fish and fish products. The average Australian adult dietary intake of mercury is approximately 0.004 mg per day. Drinking water is likely to constitute only a small fraction of total intake.

Health Aspects

a) Inorganic Mercury
Less than 15% of inorganic mercury in drinking water is absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract. Inorganic mercury compounds accumulate in the kidneys and have a long biological half-life, probably many years.

An extensive review and summary of the human and animal toxicity data for inorganic mercury is available (IPCS, 1991)

Many studies have looked at groups of workers occupationally exposed to mercury, and have reported health effects including tremors, mental disturbances and gingivitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane surrounding the teeth). The main toxic effects are to the kidney, leading to kidney failure.

In animal studies, the principal target organs of mercury toxicity are the kidney and the central nervous system. Some disruption to ovulation in female rats has also been reported.

Various reports indicate that inorganic mercury binds to, and damages, mammalian DNA. Some evidence of carcinogenicity in rats has been reported.

b) Organic mercury
Organic mercury compounds are unlikely to be found in uncontaminated drinking water; however the toxic effects are more severe than those of inorganic mercury.

An extensive review and summary of the human and animal toxicity data for methl mercury is available (IPCS, 1990).

Methyl mercury compounds are almost completely absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract. Methylmercury has greater lipid solubility than inorganic mercury and can cross biological membranes, especially in the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and placenta.

Cadmium

Contamination by cadmium may occur as a result of impurities in the zinc of galvanized pipes or in solders used in fittings, water heaters, water coolers and taps. Cadmium can also be released to the environment in waste water, through contamination of fertilizers, and by metallurgical industries.

Cadmium metal is used as an anti-corrosive coating on steel but its use is being phased out. Cadmium compounds are commonly used as pigments in plastics, in batteries and in some electrical components.

It can be found in soils due to insecticides, fungicides, sludge, and commercial fertilizers that use cadmium in agriculture.

Food is the main source of cadmium intake. The estimated average Australian adult dietary intake of cadmium is approximately 0.03 mg per day. Smoking is a significant additional source of cadmium.

Health Aspects

Absorption of cadmium in the gastro-intestinal tract depends on a number of factors including the solubility of the compounds ingested, but a healthy person typically absorbs 3-7% of ingested cadmium. This figure may be higher in people with iron, calcium and protein deficiency. Cadmium accumulates in the kidney and is only released very slowly, with a biological half-life in humans of 10 to 15 years.

An extensive review and summary of the human and animal toxicity data for cadmium is available (IPCS, 1992).

In humans, long-term exposure can cause kidney dysfunction leading to the excretion of protein in the urine. This may occur, in a certain proportion of people, if the amount of cadmium exceeds 200 mg/kg renal cortex tissue; about 10% of the population is estimated to possess this sensitivity. Other effects can include osteomalacia (softening of the bones). Cases of Itai-Itai disease have been reported in Japan among elderly women exposed to highly contaminated food and water. Symptoms are similar to osteomalacia accompanied by kidney dysfunction characteristic of cadmium poisoning.

Epidemiological studies have looked for a connection between lung cancer and work-place cadmium inhalation, but the results have been inconclusive.

Long-term inhalation studies with rats have reported an increase in the incidence of tumours of the lung. No increase in the incidence of tumours was found when cadmium salts were administered orally.

There is no clear evidence that cadmium is mutagenic. Many tests have reported negative results but there have been some reports of gene mutation and chromosome abnormalities in mammalian cells. The positive results are reported as being weak and only present at high concentrations.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has concluded that cadmium is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A, limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence in animals) (IARC, 1987).

It is very important to note that treatment regimens vary significantly and are tailored to each specific individual's medical condition and the circumstance of their exposure. Providing a complete history of the person, including their occupation, hobbies, recreational activities, and environment is critical in diagnosing heavy metal toxicity. A possible history of ingestion often facilitates a diagnosis, particularly in children. Findings from physical examinations vary with the age of the person, health status of the person, amount or form of the substance and time since exposure (absorption rate) (Ferner 2001).

Allopathic (conventional) and alternative medicine practitioners (and naturopathic practitioners to a lesser extent) treat heavy metal toxicity. Once toxicity is confirmed, all cases (even suspected) of heavy metal toxicity should be brought to the attention of a professional who is experienced in diagnosing and treating poisoning. Often professionals consult with regional poison control centers or medical toxicologists for added expertise. Emergency room personnel and first responders are trained in recognizing symptoms and in proper handling, decontamination, and treatment techniques in acute exposure cases (see the ASTDR Medical Management Guidelines).

Conventional and alternative medical treatment includes chelation therapy, supportive care (intravenous fluids, cardiac stabilization, exchange transfusion, dialysis), and decontamination (charcoal, cathartics, emesis, gastric lavage, surgery). These procedures typically require hospitalization or treatment in a health care or clinical setting (Dr. Joseph F. Smith Medical Library 2001). Follow-up is required with laboratory testing until reference levels are within and remain in the normal range, particularly when the exposure was acute or if the person continues to have symptoms after treatment (ASTDR Medical Management Guidelines; Wentz 2000). Additionally, if there is a suspected homicidal or suicidal association, proper medical and legal resources should be involved (Ferner 2001). Medical personnel should report exposures to the appropriate agency to prevent additional public health risks either in the workplace or in the home (ASTDR Medical Management Guidelines; Anon. 1993; WHO 1998; International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre 1999; Roberts 1999; Dupler 2001; Ferner 2001; USNML/NIH 2001a; 2001b; 2001c; 2001d).

Treatment to remove heavy metals from humans include chelation as well as supportive measures, often used in combination. The treatment can be very complex and highly individualized, tailored to the specific needs of each individual and requiring the expertise of trained and experienced professionals.

ABSTRACTS
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National Health and Medical Research Council
Agricultural and Resource Management Council or Australia and New Zealand, 1994

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